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History of Sudoku
By Terence Uniacke | October 30, 2008
Ancient civilizations did marvelous things, and built wonderful reminders of their skill and creativity, such as the Great Pyramids. They used their intelligence in many ways, including to entertain themselves. They did not have radio or television, but instead relied on their brains to solve problems and develop creative solutions.
Every once in a while, when media gets dull and our minds need sharpening, people will turn to riddles and brain twisters. It’s how we explore our thought processes, and how we develop our creativity. Without puzzles and riddles, our brains become stagnant. Humans innately love and need activities that twist the mind and form new ideas.
Some of the games we play today are based on those that were played in ancient times, with innovations and changes made over the centuries. Sudoku is a game that may well have been played in ancient times, and it has a beautiful simplicity, yet can be wonderfully challenging. And the history of Sudoku is fascinating, too.
The game also has a fascinating history. First published in 1979 in an American puzzle game book, it was likely invented by veteran puzzle creator Howard Garns. Japanese publishers brought it there a few years later, and gave it a new name, meaning “the digits must remain single”, which was later shortened to Sudoku. Japanese players instantly loved the game, and after 1984, it began its long rise to world domination. Millions of adherents around the world have improved their mental agility by playing Sudoku rather than staring at mindless TV shows.
Sudoku was created by Howard Garns at the end of his career as a puzzle maker. A retired architect, Garns enjoyed making puzzles as a freelancer, and he knew how to make a great one. He based it on the Latin Square puzzle work by Euler, an ancient game that Garns improved by adding a third dimension. With the addition of a partially completed grid, Garns had a winner on his hands that players immediately loved.
Only after arriving in Japan did the name “Sudoku” get applied to the game, which Garns had named “Number Place.” Later, the name was copyrighted by a Japanese company, though the puzzle itself was launched in Britain and then around the world.
For the first few years, players used paper and pencil to play the game, but in 1989, a computerized version was introduced. More recently, a Rubik’s Cube style version of Sudoku has been constructed.
In the year 1997, the popularity of Sudoku in the media had reached overwhelming heights. A Hong Kong judge named Wayne Gould became so engulfed by the game, he developed his own computerized version of a Sudoku creator.
Many newspapers around the world found that including a Sudoku puzzle would guarantee a sold out edition. At that time, the game was the world’s fasted growing, and likely peaked in popularity level in 2005.
Though the puzzle alone is fascinating, the history of Sudoku adds something to the playing of the game as well. Ancient beginnings, modern computer technology, and a cross-cultural acceptance have all led to its current status. Say a thanks to Howard Garns, for bringing hours of puzzle pleasures to our lives.
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